In this tutorial, we’ll explore the use of "Break", "Continue", and "Pass" statements which are powerful tools in Python for controlling the flow of loops. They allow us to manipulate our loops in interesting ways.
What you will learn:
Prerequisites:
The "break" statement is used to exit or "break" a loop. Once a break statement is encountered, the loop is terminated and the control moves to the next line of code after the loop.
Example:
for i in range(10):
if i == 5:
break
print(i)
In the above snippet, the loop will terminate when i
equals 5
and hence, only numbers from 0
to 4
will be printed.
The "continue" statement is used to skip the rest of the code inside a loop for the current iteration only. The loop does not terminate but continues with the next iteration.
Example:
for i in range(10):
if i == 5:
continue
print(i)
In this case, when i
equals 5
, it skips the print statement for that iteration and continues with the loop. Hence, it will print numbers from 0
to 9
except 5
.
The "pass" statement is a placeholder and is used when the syntax requires a statement but you do not want any command or code to execute.
Example:
for i in range(10):
if i == 5:
pass
print(i)
The "pass" statement in the example doesn't affect the loop's output and it will print numbers from 0
to 9
.
Let's look at some practical examples:
Example 1: Using break
for letter in 'Python':
if letter == 'h':
break
print('Current Letter:', letter)
In this example, the loop will break when it encounters the letter 'h', so it only prints 'P', 'y', 't'.
Example 2: Using continue
for letter in 'Python':
if letter == 'h':
continue
print('Current Letter:', letter)
In this case, the loop will skip the print statement when it encounters the letter 'h', so it prints 'P', 'y', 't', 'o', 'n'.
Example 3: Using pass
for letter in 'Python':
if letter == 'h':
pass
print('Current Letter:', letter)
The "pass" statement in the example doesn't affect the loop's output and it will print all the letters in 'Python'.
In this tutorial, we covered the use of "Break", "Continue", and "Pass" statements in Python. We learned that:
For further learning, you can explore how these statements work with nested loops.
Exercise 1: Write a Python program to print numbers from 1 to 10, but stop the loop if a number is divisible by 4.
Exercise 2: Write a Python program that prints all letters in the string 'Pythonic', but skips the letter 'o'.
Exercise 3: Write a Python program where you need to pass if the number is less than 0, print the number if it is between 0 and 10, and break if it is greater than 10 in the number list [-1, 4, 6, 7, 12].
Solutions:
Exercise 1:
for i in range(1, 11):
if i % 4 == 0:
break
print(i)
Exercise 2:
for letter in 'Pythonic':
if letter == 'o':
continue
print(letter)
Exercise 3:
numbers = [-1, 4, 6, 7, 12]
for number in numbers:
if number < 0:
pass
elif number > 10:
break
else:
print(number)