1. Introduction

Tutorial's Goal

This tutorial aims to guide you through the process of inserting documents into MongoDB, a popular NoSQL database. We will explore the usage of both the insertOne() and insertMany() methods.

Learning Outcome

By the end of this tutorial, you will be able to:

• Understand how to insert documents into MongoDB
• Use the insertOne() and insertMany() methods in MongoDB
• Understand the structure of documents in MongoDB

Prerequisites

• Basic knowledge of JavaScript
• MongoDB installed on your local machine

2. Step-by-Step Guide

Concepts

In MongoDB, data is stored in BSON documents, which are binary representations of JSON-like documents. When you insert data into MongoDB, you're essentially inserting these documents into collections.

The insertOne() method is used to insert a single document into a collection, while insertMany() is used to insert multiple documents at once.

Example: insertOne()

let myDocument = { name: "John", age: 30, city: "New York" };

db.collection('users').insertOne(myDocument, function(err, res) {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log("Document inserted");
});

In the code above, we create an object myDocument to represent our document. This object is then passed as an argument to the insertOne() method. If the operation is successful, "Document inserted" will be logged to the console.

Example: insertMany()

let myDocuments = [
  { name: "John", age: 30, city: "New York" },
  { name: "Jane", age: 25, city: "Chicago" },
  { name: "Jim", age: 35, city: "Boston" }
];

db.collection('users').insertMany(myDocuments, function(err, res) {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log("Documents inserted: " + res.insertedCount);
});

In this example, myDocuments is an array of objects, each representing a document. The insertMany() method inserts all these documents into the collection. If successful, it prints the number of documents inserted.

3. Code Examples

Example: Insert a Single Document

let user = { name: "Alice", age: 22, city: "Los Angeles" };

db.collection('users').insertOne(user, function(err, res) {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log("Document inserted");
  console.log(res.ops); // Prints the inserted document
});

In this script, we insert a document into the 'users' collection. res.ops contains the document that was inserted.

Example: Insert Multiple Documents

let users = [
  { name: "Bob", age: 27, city: "Seattle" },
  { name: "Charlie", age: 32, city: "Houston" },
  { name: "David", age: 45, city: "San Francisco" }
];

db.collection('users').insertMany(users, function(err, res) {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log("Number of documents inserted: " + res.insertedCount);
});

This script inserts multiple documents into the 'users' collection and prints the number of documents inserted.

4. Summary

In this tutorial, we've learned how to insert documents into MongoDB using the insertOne() and insertMany() methods.

Next steps for learning could include understanding how to query, update and delete documents in MongoDB. You might also want to explore the MongoDB Node.js Driver documentation for more advanced features.

5. Practice Exercises

1. Exercise: Insert a single document into a 'products' collection with the fields: productName, price, and category.

2. Exercise: Insert multiple documents into a 'orders' collection. Each document should have the fields: orderId, customerId, and totalAmount.

Solutions

1. Solution:

let product = { productName: "Apple", price: 1.5, category: "Fruits" };

db.collection('products').insertOne(product, function(err, res) {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log("Document inserted");
});

1. Solution:

let orders = [
  { orderId: "001", customerId: "123", totalAmount: 100 },
  { orderId: "002", customerId: "456", totalAmount: 200 }
];

db.collection('orders').insertMany(orders, function(err, res) {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log("Number of documents inserted: " + res.insertedCount);
});

In the first solution, we create a product document and insert it into the 'products' collection. In the second solution, we create an array of order documents and insert them into the 'orders' collection.